From handwritten copy to the printed page in Devanagari: investigating the curious case of Friedrich Max Müller

An author’s role in the material production of text is generally not a subject that has received much attention but there is particularly little research about authors’ involvement and methods of working with texts comprising ‘foreign’ or unfamiliar scripts. In Britain, the period from late-eighteenth to mid-nineteenth century, being a time not only of progressive interest in the languages and literature of India but also of explorations and innovations in the printing of various scripts of the region, provided many such occasions where the authors – often pioneering scholars in their fields – had to contend with a new, or subsequently acquired script. This essay focuses on the Devanagari script and one such author/scholar of Sanskrit, Friedrich Max Müller (1823–1900), and in charting his engagement with the material fabrication of his texts it aims to throw new light on the process of dealing with a script from handwritten copy to the printed page

Proposing Solution to XOR Problem Using Minimum Configuration MLP

AbstractThis paper is an extension to what the author had already done in [1] and [2]. In this paper we will see one solution to the XOR problem using minimum configuration MLP an ANN model. The proposed solution is proved mathematically in this paper. The problem of non-linear separability is addressed in the paper. The Architectural Graph representation of the proposed model is placed and also an equivalent Signal Flow Graph is represented to show how the proof the proposed solution. The non-linear Activation function used for the hidden layer minimum configuration MLP is Logistic function

Heat losses in Ceramic Coated Diesel Engine

The energy produced due to combustion of fuel in an engine is partly converted into work and the rest is lost. The knowledge of how the energy is lost will help in finding means to reduce the same to improve the performance of the engine in terms of efficiency and power output. The elimination of, in cylinder heat transfer to either the coolant or the environment does not violet the second law of the thermodynamics and moreover according to the first law, has the potential of producing more work. Another advantage of this concept is that great reduction losses in parasitic losses due to the simplicity of the cooling system, thus increasing the brake power of the engine. The main purposes of the study are to calculate the heat losses at different engine loads and speeds with and without ceramic coated diesel engine. The result showed a reduction in heat losses to the coolant and increases in exhaust energy at all the loads levels. Keywords: Ceramic coating, Diesel engine, Heat losse

Use of artificial neuralnetwork for modeling of pollutent

Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is implemented for predicting air quality. The models, in general, could predict air quality patterns with modest accuracy However, ANNM model performed extremely well in comparison to other models for predicting annual data as well as daily data. Industry emits small amounts of nitrogen oxides to the environment. As the regulatory authorities demand the reduction of the resulting air pollution, existing plants are looking for economical ways to comply with this demand. Several Artificial Neural Networks models were trained from several months of operating plant data to predict the NOx concentration in the tail gas, and their total amount emitted the environment. This paper describes the development of artificial neural network-based vehicular exhaust emission & industrial models for predicting carbon monoxide concentrations at air quality control regions in the city of Raipur, India, viz. a typical traffic intersection.Which can work with limited number of data sets and are robust enough to handle data with noise and errors.The Artificial Neural Networks models gave small errors, 0.6% relative error on the nitrogen oxides concentration prediction. Thenitrogen oxides emission rate, especially the beneficial effect of cooling the absorbed gas and reticulating liquids in the absorption towers

Left-Right symmetric fermions and sterile neutrinos from complex split biquaternions and bioctonions

In this article we investigate the application of complex split biquaternions and bioctonions to the standard model. We show that the Clifford algebras Cl(3) and Cl(7) can be used for making left-right symmetric fermions. Hence we incorporate right-handed neutrinos in the division algebras based approach to the standard model. The right-handed neutrinos, also known as sterile neutrinos, are a potential dark-matter candidate. We discuss the left-right symmetric fermions and their phenomenology using the division algebra approach. We describe the gauge groups associated with the left-right symmetric model and prospects for unification through division algebras. We investigate the possibility of obtaining three generations of fermions and charge/mass ratios through the exceptional Jordan algebra $J_3(O)$ and the exceptional groups $F_4$ and $E_6$.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Advances in Applied Clifford algebra

Prevalence of psychosocial problems among adolescents in rural areas of District Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh

Introduction: Adolescence is a period of transition between childhood and adulthood. It is a phase of life marked by special attributes including rapid physical growth and development; physical, social and psychological maturity. Aims & Objectives: The present cross sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of psychosocial problems among adolescents in a rural area of District Muzaffarnagar. Materials & Methods: The study subjects were 210 adolescent girls and boys (10-19 years old) selected using multistage random sampling technique. The subjects were interviewed & detailed information was collected on a structured and pre-tested questionnaire after taking consent from the subject/ parents. The clinical diagnosis was generated as per the criteria laid down in ICD-10. The data was entered in Epi Info statistical software package Version 3.4.3 and suitable statistical methods were applied. Results: The overall prevalence of psychosocial problems amongst adolescent was found to be 41.43%. Most of them had conduct disorder (40.51% males & 35.88% females) followed by depression (30.38% males & 26.72% females). Conclusions: There are significant psychosocial problems amongst the adolescents. So, enough emphasis should be given to this component of adolescent health and thus it is recommended that a holistic approach to the underlying causes of psychosocial problems of adolescents should be undertaken

Study of fetomaternal outcome in cases of premature rupture of membrane at tertiary care rural institute of Western Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is the rupture of the fetal membranes before the onset of labor. Preterm PROM complicates approximately 3 percent of pregnancies and leads to one third of preterm births. It increases the risk of prematurity and leads to a number of other perinatal and neonatal complications.Methods: This was a prospective study carried out at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, UPUMS, Saifai from April 2018 to September 2018 (6 months study). Patients with Spontaneous rupture of membranes any time beyond 28th week of pregnancy, but before the onset of labour. Patients with following conditions were excluded from the study- meconium stain liquor, cord prolapse, antepartum haemorrhage, active infection at other sites, active liver disease.Results: A total of 103 cases of premature rupture of membrane (PROM) were recorded from April 2018 to September 2019 among 1523 admitted pregnant patients. Most of the patients 56 (54.36%) were delivered by caesarean section (C/S). Previous C/S, oligohydramnios, fetal distress, chorioamnionitis were the common indications for doing C/S. Forty-seven (45.63%) patients were delivered vaginally.Conclusions: Most of the affected women belongs to 20-24 years of age (53.39%). Term PROM was more in comparison to PPROM and most of them were multigravidae. Cesarean section rate was high. Most common complication was of subclinical urogenital infection (51.02%)

The effect of Ramipril and Telmisartan on blood pressure and insulin resistance in hypertensive patients

Background: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) have become keystones of therapy for hypertension but there are very few studies where they have been compared with each other. This study attempted to compare the effect of Ramipril and Telmisartan on Blood Pressure and Insulin Resistance in Hypertensive patients (JNC 8).Methods: An open label, randomized, prospective and comparative study of twelve- week duration was conducted on 60 patients of hypertension (JNC-8), with the collaboration of Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Amritsar. Group A and B were given Telmisartan 40mg and Ramipril 2.5 mg OD respectively. Blood Pressure was recorded on every visit, whereas, fasting plasma insulin and HOMA-IR values were recorded at the baseline and at the end of the study. Fasting blood sugar was done at 0, 4 and 12 weeks.Results: At the end of 12 weeks, a significant reduction in Systolic/Diastolic blood pressure was observed in group A with a drop of ~14/9 mmHg (p<0.001) and in group B too, the fall of ~11.6/7.2 mmHg was significant (p<0.001). However, in inter-group comparison only SBP difference was significant between two groups (p<0.05). Change in HOMA-IR value was also significant in both the groups (p<0.001). The inter-group difference for HOMA-IR between both the groups (A vs B) was also statistically significant (p<0.01).Conclusions: Telmisartan 40 mg OD was more effective than Ramipril 2.5 mg OD in controlling the SBP and improving Insulin resistance at the end of 12 weeks